Posted: October 3rd, 2016
1. Which of the following is a case-control study? [ONE POINT]
a. Study of past mortality or morbidity trends to permit estimates of the occurrence of disease in the future
b. Obtaining histories and other information from a group of known cases and from a comparison group to determine the relative frequency of a characteristic or exposure under study
c. Analysis of previous research in different places and under different circumstances to permit the establishment of hypotheses based on cumulative knowledge of all known factors
d. Study of the incidence of cancer in men who have quit smoking
e. Both a and c
2. In a study of a disease in which all cases that developed were ascertained, if the relative risk for the association between a factor and the disease is equal to or less than 1.0, then: [ONE POINT]
a. There is no association between the factor and the disease
b. There is either no association or a negative association between the factor and the disease
c. The factor protects against development of the disease
d. Either matching or randomization has been unsuccessful
e. The comparison group used was unsuitable, and a valid comparison is not possible
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