Posted: December 14th, 2016

Once they reach school age, children s more reflective and analytical approach to language finally permits them to begin

Question
Course
Test: Chapter 9 Exam
QUESTION 1
1. Children learn that adding -s to the end of the word changes the meaning of the word to a plural. This is an example of

syntax.

phonology.

semantics.

morphology.
5 points
QUESTION 2
1. The nature of Kanzi the Bonobo chimp s linguistic achievements indicate

support for Chomsky s assumption that the capacity for an elaborate grammar is unique to humans.

chimpanzees are as adept at conversation as preschool children.

chimps adeptness at predicting others goals and recognizing subtle intentions.

that animals can acquire extensive vocabularies.
5 points
QUESTION 3
1. Research has found that deaf toddlers and preschoolers whose parents discouraged manual signing and addressed them verbally

picked up gesture systems from their parents.

eventually acquired spoken language.

developed a disorganized system of communication.

invented their own gestural communication system.
5 points
QUESTION 4
1. Based on the idea of a sensitive period for language acquisition, which of the following individuals will be most proficient at speaking English?

After retiring, Chinese businessman Zhou moved to the United States to be near his daughter and her children.

Maja took several years of English in her native Finland before moving to the United States with her American husband.

Thu came to this country as a preschooler with minimal knowledge of English and attended public school through college graduation.

Kaito came to this country as a teenager with minimal knowledge of English but dropped out of school after two years.
5 points
QUESTION 5
1. Which of the following is a major limitation of the nativist view of language development?

There is little evidence that animals can produce complex and novel sentences.

It does not account for biological contributions to language development.

Adults have more difficulty acquiring a second language than children.

How children manage to link grammatical rules with the strings of words they hear is unclear.
5 points
QUESTION 6
1. Which of the following statements about language development in children with Williams syndrome is true?

Children with Williams syndrome often have large vocabularies but have difficulty with challenging grammatical rules.

Working-memory capacity is more strongly correlated with grammatical development in typically developing children than in children with Williams syndrome.

Children with Williams syndrome are generally good at rule learning but poor at memorizing, which affects their language development.

Children with Down syndrome tend to produce grammatically more complex sentences than children with Williams syndrome.
5 points
QUESTION 7
1. Which of the following accurately describes Nico s prelinguistic development?

With age, he will become increasingly sensitive to phonemes that do not exist in his native language.

Not until 18 months can he recognize frequently heard words.

Between 6 and 8 months, he will start to organize speech into the phonemic categories of his own language.

Around 2 years, he will begin to divide the speech stream into word-like segments.
5 points
QUESTION 8
1. Baby Veronica stares intently at her favorite book as her father reads it to her and points out interesting pictures. Veronica and her father are engaged in

shading.

illocutionary intent.

joint attention.

referential communication.
5 points
QUESTION 9
1. When 10-month-old Ian wants a drink, he points at his cup and looks at his mother. This is an example of

a protodeclarative.

infant-directed speech.

telegraphic speech.

a protoimperative.
5 points
QUESTION 10
1. In toddlerhood and early childhood, deaf children often are delayed in development of language and make-believe play, and later many achieve poorly in school, are deficient in social skills, and display impulse-control problems. Which of the following is the most influential factor in reducing the incidence of these issues?

newborn screenings

simplified social contexts

quality of sensitive interaction and communication between children and parents

insisting children learn to read lips and vocalize clearly
5 points
QUESTION 11
1. Children s __________, the language they understand, develops ahead of __________, the language they use.

semantics; grammar

comprehension; production

grammar; semantics

production; comprehension
5 points
QUESTION 12
1. After only a brief encounter, 2-year-old Katy connects a new word like park or store with the underlying concept. Katy is demonstrating

categorical speech perception.

an underextension.

fast-mapping.

an overextension.
5 points
QUESTION 13
1. Studies show that children with an expressive style of language learning

tend to be highly sociable.

tend to be extremely shy.

have larger vocabularies than referential-style children.

often have an especially active interest in exploring objects.
5 points
QUESTION 14
1. Which of the following is an example of overextension?

Lyla uses the word car only when referring to her family s car.

Maecy uses the word soupcase to refer to a suitcase.

Abram uses the word cat to refer to all four-legged, furry animals.

Vinnie uses the word juice to refer to actions like running and jumping.
5 points
QUESTION 15
1. Once they reach school age, children s more reflective and analytical approach to language finally permits them to begin

coining new words based on words they already know.

using overextensions to substitute for words they have trouble recalling.

appreciating the multiple meanings of riddles and puns.

using metaphors involving concrete, sensory comparisons.
5 points
QUESTION 16
1. Which of the following statements about semantic development is true?

Children rely on imitation to rapidly acquire complex utterances.

Children have little desire to learn new words unless they are rewarded for doing so.

It may take several exposures to a new word before a child understands that it refers to a whole object and not to a part of it.

When adults go beyond correcting and explain, toddlers are more likely to move toward conventional word meanings.
5 points
QUESTION 17
1. By the end of the second year, phonological memory is so good that toddlers can recognize familiar words on the basis of their

appearance.

meanings.

initial sounds.

similarity to words they already know.
5 points
QUESTION 18
1. At age 2, Jean-Luc has begun uttering two-word combinations, such as Daddy eat and dog bark. These utterances are examples of

syntactic bootstrapping.

telegraphic speech.

underextensions.

a mutual exclusivity bias.
5 points
QUESTION 19
1. Which of the following utterances is an example of overregularization?

Broken its.

My car breaked.

I saw a flutterby.

Baby cry.
5 points
QUESTION 20
1. Which of the following gives the correct order of the typical appearance of more complex grammatical forms in children s development of language?

connectives, infinitives, morphemes

questions, infinitives, denials

negatives, questions, connectives

questions, overregulation, plurals
5 points
QUESTION 21
1. When Hugo uses word meanings to figure out sentence structure by grouping together words with action qualities, he is engaging in

syntactic bootstrapping.

overregularization.

semantic bootstrapping.

underregularization.
5 points
QUESTION 22
1. When Silvia s mother asked her, How does the kitchen look? she was really asking whether Silvia had finished the dishes. To answer the implied question, Silvia would have to understand

turnabout strategies.

joint attention.

overregularization.

illocutionary intent.
5 points
QUESTION 23
1. Four-year-old Johanna loves to tell others about her past experiences. When doing so, she produces brief renditions in which she switches from one event to another in a disorganized fashion. Johanna s accounts are an example of

classic narratives.

leapfrog narratives.

referential communication.

evaluations.
5 points
QUESTION 24
1. Indicative of advances in metalinguistic awareness, preschoolers are sensitive to rhyme and other changes in word sounds, but third graders can identify all the ________ in a word.

phonemes

figurative meanings

ironies

expansions and recasts
5 points
QUESTION 25
1. In Canada, French English bilingualism has increased ___ percent since the mid-1990s, due largely to its language immersion programs.

7

12

19

25