Posted: December 14th, 2016

Which of the following statements regarding differences in general intelligence is true?

Question

Chapter 8 Exam

QUESTION 1

1. Binet and Simon s original intelligence test was

designed to measure diverse aspects of emotional intelligence.

developed to identify students who were unable to benefit from regular classroom instruction.

developed to determine the underlying mental abilities associated with intelligence tests.

used to screen infants and toddlers with developmental delays.

5 points
QUESTION 2

1. When Spearman examined intelligence test items, he proposed that

test items measure a variety of separate factors, or primary mental abilities.

scores on intelligence tests depend on an individual s crystallized intelligence.

an underlying general intelligence influenced each of them.

IQ scores are poor predictors of academic achievement.

5 points
QUESTION 3

1. Mikayla received a Trivial Pursuit game for Christmas when she was 10. By the time she was 14, she could beat almost any opponent. This is an example of __________ intelligence.

divergent

specific

crystallized

fluid

5 points
QUESTION 4

1. At different intervals during Jonah s first 18 years, he was given an intelligence test. Gains in his test performance over time, according to componential analyses, are due to

advances in general intelligence.

increases in processing speed.

greater familiarity with the test.

metacognitive knowledge.

5 points
QUESTION 5

1. Sternberg s triarchic theory of successful intelligence reminds us that

practical intelligence is never culture-free.

crystallized intelligence is a better predictor of academic success than fluid intelligence.

quick reaction time is the key to success on most intelligence tests.

nonshared environmental influences play a major role in determining one s level of intelligence.

5 points
QUESTION 6

1. According to Gardner s theory of multiple intelligences, __________ intelligence is the ability to recognize and classify all varieties of animals, minerals, and plants.

logico-mathematical

spatial

naturalist

scientific

5 points
QUESTION 7

1. The WISC IV was developed to

downplay crystallized intelligence.

measure practical intelligence.

assess verbal abilities.

screen individuals who may be at risk for developmental problems.

5 points
QUESTION 8

1. Teresa scored 130 on an IQ test. This means she outperformed _____ percent of same-age children.

10

25

65

98

5 points
QUESTION 9

1. Which of the following statements regarding the stability of IQ scores is true?

The closer in time two testings are, the weaker the relationship between the scores.

Regardless of age at first testing, IQ scores are highly stable.

Infant IQ scores accurately predict IQ in childhood.

Theolder the child at time of first testing, the better the prediction of later IQ.

5 points
QUESTION 10

1. Many studies show that children from economically disadvantaged families

fall further and further behind their agemates in both IQ and achievement as they get older.

score 5 to 10 points lower in IQ than children from economically advantaged families.

show substantial catch-up in IQ and achievement once they start school.

usually catch up to agemates in both IQ and achievement as they get older.

5 points
QUESTION 11

1. Which of the following statements is supported by research on IQ?

IQ correlates best with achievement in concrete subjects, such as history and foreign language.

By age 2, IQ is a valid predictor of academic achievement.

Practical intelligence predicts on-the-job performance at least as well as IQ.

Childhood IQ is unrelated to occupational attainment.

5 points
QUESTION 12

1. Which of the following statements regarding differences in general intelligence is true?

On average, Asian-American children score slightly lower than Caucasian children on measures of general intelligence.

The IQ gap between middle- and low-SES children is about 9 points.

Children who score high in general intelligence often score below average in emotional intelligence.

Children who score high in emotional intelligence often score below average in general intelligence.

5 points
QUESTION 13

1. Like Jensen, Herrnstein and Murray argued that _______ play(s) a sizable role in the black white IQ gap.

environment

test bias

heredity

both heredity and environment

5 points
QUESTION 14

1. In which of the following situations would IQ correlations be strongest?

Alana and Shea, identical twins reared apart

Janette and Ryan and their adopted children

Jonathan and David, fraternal twins reared together

Rika and Trigg, unrelated siblings living together

5 points
QUESTION 15

1. A major limitation of heritability estimates is that

between-group differences are largely due to heredity.

rearing conditions are likely to have a large impact on within-group but not between-group variability.

the heritability of IQ is higher under advantaged than disadvantaged rearing conditions.

they cannot account for between-group differences.

5 points
QUESTION 16

1. Adoption studies repeatedly reveal

that environment has little to no measurable effect on children s IQ scores.

stronger correlations between the IQ scores of biological relatives than between those of adoptive relatives.

that as children mature, they become more similar in IQ to their adoptive parents and less similar to their biological mothers.

that adopted children of low-IQ biological mothers score below average in IQ during the school years.

5 points
QUESTION 17

1. Studies on the Flynn effect indicate that the largest increases in IQ from one generation to the next occur on tests of

spatial reasoning.

emotional intelligence.

verbal ability.

processing speed.

5 points
QUESTION 18

1. The language and verbal skills that Sanju grew up with in her African-American family are more likely to emphasize _________, whereas Scott, growing up in a middle-SES white family, would more likely encounter a(n) _________.

emotional and social concerns; object-oriented environment with knowledge-training questions

objective questions; environment heavily influenced by analogy questions

hierarchical communication; collaborative style of communication.

topic-focused communication; topic-associating style of communication

5 points
QUESTION 19

1. Because of the requirements of the U.S. No Child Left Behind Act, which broadens high-stakes testing, in Ms. Logan s fifth grade classroom, she feels pressure to

pay particular attention to the needs of her gifted and talented students.

spend large amounts of time on drill-based exercises.

upgrade her teaching skills.

emphasize in-depth understanding rather than surface knowledge.

5 points
QUESTION 20

1. Research on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) shows that

the HOME IQ correlation is higher for adopted children than biological children.

the relationship between HOME scores and IQ increases in middle childhood.

conditions in the home have little effect on IQ scores.

a stimulating physical setting predicts high IQ scores in early childhood.

5 points
QUESTION 21

1. Children of newly arrived immigrant parents from Asia and Latin America do remarkably well in school because

their parents believe education is the surest way to improve life chances.

they are typically affluent and have many resources in the home.

they are placed in special fast-track classes.

they are more intelligent than children born in North America.

5 points
QUESTION 22

1. Kinship research suggests that

nonshared environmental factors are more powerful than shared influences on IQ.

early birth order and wide spacing between siblings is associated with high IQ.

the impact of shared environment on IQ is greatest in adolescence.

IQ correlations between fraternal twins increase in adolescence.

5 points
QUESTION 23

1. Which of the following statements regarding the benefits of early intervention programs is true?

The benefits are greatest for children who attend community-based, rather than university-based, programs.

Early intervention programs have no effect on high school graduation rates.

Children who attend early intervention programs are more likely to be placed in special education classes than children who do not attend these programs.

Preschool intervention is associated with reduced pregnancy and delinquency rates in adolescence.

5 points
QUESTION 24

1. Creativity typically involves hard work and

a high level of natural talent.

a high rate of academic success.

the need to overcome obstacles on the way to the final product.

an appreciation of novelty.

5 points
QUESTION 25

1. Studies of creativity show that

IQ and creativity are highly correlated.

extensive knowledge is not necessary to make a creative contribution to a field.

creative individuals rely on insight processes.

creative people typically have little patience and persistence in the face of obstacles.